Busi Mavuso
Ukwehla kokuqoqwa kwentela okubangwe yisimo esihambelana neCovid-19 kunomthelela ezingqinambeni ezibhekene nesizwe.
Imbangela yokwehla kokuqoqwa kwentela wukuthi izinkampani bezivaliwe, abasebenzi behleli emakhaya nabathengi okudale ukuthi intela engenayo kanye ne-VAT kwehle kakhulu bengekho.
Kwisabelozimali esasiphuthuma, uNgqongqoshe weziMali, uMnuz Tito Mboweni, wabika ukuthi izibalo zikahulumeni zikhomba ukuthi intela ezongena izoba ngaphansi ngoR300 billion (21%) kwisibikezelo sonyaka. Enkulumweni yeMTBPS ezothulwa kuleli sonto, sizobekwa esithombeni ngezinga lokwehla kwentela eqoqiwe.
Ukwehla kwentela engenayo kukhombisa ngokusobala ukubaluleka komnotho onempilo oneminxa ezimele enenzuzo futhi ekhulayo. Asikho esinye isibambelo esizokhuphula imali kahulumeni ngaphandle kwalesi. INingizimu Afrika inezinkampani ezingaphezulu kwezigidi ezimbili ezibhaliselwe ukukhokha intela. Phakathi kwazo kunezingaphezu kuka-500 000 ezidlulisela kuhulumeni intela ekhokwa yizisebenzi, iPAYE, kuthi ezingaphezu kuka-800 000 ziqoqela uhulumeni iVAT. Izinkampani ezinempilo ziyisisekelo somnotho wezwe.
Umonakalo odalwe yiCovid-19 nokwehla kwemali yentela engenayo ngo-21% yizimo ebezingalindelekile futhi zifikele phezu kwesimo somnotho ebesivele singesihle ezweni. Intela eqoqiwe yehle ngoR42bn kunesibikezelo sango-2019/20 futhi ngonyaka ongaphambili ibingaphansi ngoR13bn. Inkinga yentela engaphansi kwezibikezelo iyinkomba yokuthi inzuzo yezinkampani namaholo abasebenzi kwehlile ngendlela evelele.
Ukudlangala kwenkinga kubonakala uma siphosa amehlo kwintela ekhokhwa yizinhlangano ezisemthethweni. Uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka eyedlule, intela engenile yehle ngo-25% kweyango-2007/8, ngo-18.1% kweyango-2015/16, ngo-16.5% kweyango-2018/19.
Imbangela yokwehla kungaba wukuncishiswa kwezinga layo intela ebikhokhwa yilezi zinhlangano ibe wu-28% ngo-2012, isenzo esasondeza iNingizimu Afrika ezingeni lentela ye-OECD eliwu-20.6%. Kodwa umthelela omkhulu wukuthi izinkampani bezingayitholi inzuzo efana neyangeminye iminyaka, ikakhulu ngaphambi kwenkinga yemali ka-2008 eyakhungatha umhlaba wonke.
Izinkinga zemali esibhekene nazo ezweni kazikwazi ukuxazululeka ngaphandle kokubhekana nezinkinga zemikhakha ezimele. Inqubomgomo yezomnotho kufanele ivumele imikhakha ezimele ukuthi ikhule ukuze ikwazi ukwandisa amathuba omsebenzi, ikhuphule amaholo abasebenzi ithole nenzuzo engcono.
Uhulumeni ube yinsika futhi ewugqugquzela yena umnotho kule minyaka engu-10 edlule kodwa manje kuyacaca ukuthi uma kuzophumelela ukusimamisa umnotho, imikhakha ezimele kumele nayo isimame. Okusho ukuthi izinhlelo zokuguqula isimo sikahulumeni esithikameza ukusebenza komnotho kumele zifeziwe.
Sibona kuyinto enhle ukuthi uMengameli Cyril Ramaphosa agxile ekuxazululeni izinkinga zamandla kagesi emyankeni emibili ezayo ngenxa yokuthi eminyakeni ewu-10 edlule, isimo sikagesi sibe nomthelela omkhulu ekwehleni kwamandla ezinhlangano ezisemthethweni. Uma uhulumeni engaxegisa izintambo avumele labo abasebenzisa ugesi abanamandla ukuthola izimvumo zokuzikhiqizela ugesi kungalekelela ekuxazululeni inkinga kagesi futhi kuthuthukise ikusasa lezinkampani.
Ngokunjalo, kufanele kuqiniswe izinhlelo zokufinyelela kwizingqalasizinda yokuxhumana, i-broadband ne-spectrum. Kwakuhlongozwe eminyakeni engu-10 edlule ukuthi kukhululwe i-spectrum ngokuthi ithengiswe. Kumele izinkampani zikwazi ukuqasha abasebenzi basemazweni angaphandle abanamakhono angatholakali kuleli ukuze ukulahleka kwamakhono ngenkathi belifulathela leli abanamakhono kungakuphazamisi ukusimama komnotho, isikhathi esithathwayo ukukhipha izimvumo zamanzi nezemvelo sehliswe, kuphothulwe iMPRDA ezonikeza imboni yezimayini ithemba ikwazi ukutshala izimali zokuhlola umhlaba, nokuthi kwakhiwe ingqalasizinda ezokhuphula amandla omnotho ukuze kuhambe imphahla ngaphakathi kwezwe futhi ihanjiswe ngemkhumbhi emazweni angaphandle.
Ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zengqalasizinda kuseqhulwini lokufukula umnotho kodwa kumele sikhumbule ukuthi ingqalasizinda ekhona kumanje ingasebenza ngendlela engcono kunalokhu okwenzekayo. Ingqalasizinda yezitimela nezamachweba eTransnet ingasetshenziswa kangcono uma imikhakha ezimele ingathola ithuba lokubambisana nohulumeni itshale imali futhi ithole nokusebenzisa engasebenzi ngokugcwele.
UMboweni ukubeke obala ukuthi inkinga yesimo semali kahulumeni ibucayi. Kufanele kube nezinhlelo eziqinile ukwehlisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwemali nguhulumeni, ikakhulukazi imali engena ezinhlelweni ezingakhuthazi ukutshala imali. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi imikhakha ezimele ithole ukwesekwa ukuze isimame okuhlanganisa nokukhula kwemali yentela engenayo. Sonke siyasikhumbula isikhathi ngaphambili kuka-2008, imali yentela eyayingena yayingaphezulu kwemali eyayisetshenziselwa ukufeza izidingo zesizwe ngokuphindaphindiwe, uhulumeni wakwazi nokuba nenzuzo. Lowo mphumela wawungenxa yokukhula kwemikhakha ezimele nohulumeni enamandla okuqoqa intela efanele.
Inqubomgomo yemali kaMboweni kumele ihambisane nohlelo lokufukula umnotho likaRamaphosa kuqiniswe ukufeza izinhlelo zokuguqula isimo sikahulumeni uma sizophinde sibuyele kulezo zikhathi.
UBusi Mavuso, yisikhulu esiphezulu seBusiness Leadership South Africa